The gallbladder: role and importance in the body
The gallbladder is a small organ located beneath the liver, to which it is closely connected by the common bile duct. Its main function is to store bile, a digestive fluid essential for the proper functioning of the body.
When we eat, especially fatty foods, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile into the duodenum. This bile aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. It also has antibacterial properties, protecting the intestinal flora and the digestive system.
When the gallbladder is functioning normally, it contributes to digestive balance. However, when it is compromised, it can cause significant problems such as abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting. Therefore, it is essential to take care of it.
Is surgery necessary for gallstones?
The decision to remove the gallbladder depends on several factors, including:
the type of gallstones,
their size and number,
the severity of the symptoms,
the presence or absence of complications.
When gallstones are small and asymptomatic, doctors generally prefer conservative treatment combined with regular monitoring.
However, removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) may be recommended if gallstones cause severe pain or complications such as:
cholecystitis,
cholangitis,
bile duct obstruction,
or when the gallstones are numerous or large.👉 In short, surgery is only considered when there is a real medical need.
Changes in the body after gallbladder removal
1. Decreased digestion of fats
The gallbladder serves as a reservoir for bile, and its absence disrupts its controlled release. This makes it more difficult to digest and absorb fats, especially after high-fat meals.
2. Digestive problems (indigestion)
After the procedure, bile is continuously released into the intestine instead of during meals. This can cause:
swelling,
belching,
digestive disorders.
3. Imbalance of intestinal flora
Because bile plays an antimicrobial role, altering its flow can alter the intestinal flora and increase the risk of digestive inflammation or infections.
4. Bile reflux
In some people, bile can back up into the stomach, causing bile reflux. Bile salts can irritate the gastric mucosa and cause heartburn, nausea, and pain.
5. Dietary adjustments necessary
To limit digestive symptoms, it is often recommended to:
reduce fatty, fried and spicy foods,
increase fiber intake,
avoid excessive food and alcohol.
6. Sleep disturbances
Some people report the following after surgery:
poor sleep quality,
anxiety,
insomnia.
These symptoms are often temporary and can improve with appropriate dietary adjustments and a healthy lifestyle.
Three conditions that can occur after gallbladder removal
1. Reflux gastritis
Impaired bile secretion can cause bile to flow back into the stomach, causing reflux gastritis, accompanied by bloating and diarrhea.
2. Colon cancer
Some studies indicate an increase in secondary bile acids after gallbladder removal. These substances can irritate the colon lining and increase the risk of colorectal cancer.👉 For this reason, removal should only be considered when absolutely necessary.
3. Common bile duct stones
After the procedure, the common bile duct compensates for the absence of the gallbladder. Bile stagnation can lead to dilation of the duct and promote the formation of new stones.
Recommended diet after gallbladder removal
1. Easily digestible foods
Opt for liquid or semi-liquid foods, such as:
porridge,
cream,
slow-cooked eggs.
These provide energy while reducing the digestive load.
2. High-quality proteins
Proteins promote healing and recovery:
egg,
milk and dairy products,
fish,
lean meat,
shrimps.
3. Whole grains and dried fruit
Include foods such as:
peanuts,
sunflower seeds,
almonds,
walnuts and pistachios.
⚠️ Avoid fried or ultra-processed versions. Choose natural products.
Hospital stay after cholecystectomy
Discharge from the hospital usually occurs between one and three days after surgery. Doctors evaluate:
pain,
scars,
food tolerance,
mobility.
In the absence of complications, the patient can return home as early as the second or third day.
Conclusion
After discharge from the hospital, it is recommended to:
avoid tobacco and alcohol,
eat light and frequent meals,
avoid sleep deprivation,
engage in moderate physical activity.
With a healthy lifestyle and proper diet, most patients gradually regain normal digestion. Generally, after three months, the diet can return to the pre-surgery state.
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