Bowel cancer, often called colorectal cancer, is a devastating disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Early recognition of the body's signals is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment. In this article, you will discover the ten most common signs, as well as the main causes, prevention strategies and treatment options.
10 symptoms of bowel cancer
1. Constipation and diarrhea
The tumor disrupts the normal rhythm of the intestines, for no apparent reason. The changes are permanent and can alternate between bouts of diarrhea and constipation or make one symptom predominant.
2. Thin, elongated stools
In later stages, the tumor narrows the lumen and the stool becomes narrow, ribbon-like, or “crumpled.”
3. Feeling of incomplete bowel movement
After defecation, there is a feeling that part of the contents has not been expelled, as if there is a "heaviness" inside. It most often occurs with larger formations.
4. Blood in the stool
Streaks or drops of blood and/or mucus are observed. The color varies from bright red to dark brown, depending on the location and characteristics of the tumor.
5. Abdominal bloating
When the intestinal passage is blocked, stool is retained, causing a feeling of heaviness and bloating without a change in nutrition.
6. Abdominal pain and colic.
The accumulation of contents leads to prolonged cramps and pain without a clear cause.
7. Unmotivated weight loss.
In more advanced disease, the tumor "steals" energy and the body can lose ~5 kg in half a year without changing the regimen.
8. General weakness
The combination of weight loss and high energy expenditure causes constant fatigue that is not explained by lifestyle.
9. Heaviness or pain in the anal area:
When located in the distal part of the rectum, pain occurs during defecation and a feeling of pressure. It is often accompanied by blood in the stool.
10. Nausea and vomiting.
Intestinal obstruction interferes with digestion and leads to persistent nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite that do not improve with diet.
Important: Bowel cancer begins asymptomatically. Annual check-ups with a gastroenterologist are crucial for early detection.
Causes and risk factors
Hereditary predisposition (family history of colorectal cancer)
Diet high in saturated fat and low in fiber; excessive alcohol consumption; smoking
Sedentary lifestyle and obesity
Age – the risk increases over 50 years of age
Prevention
Opt for a menu with fruits, vegetables and high fiber content
Maintain regular physical activity
Avoid tobacco and excessive alcohol
Plan screening tests (e.g. colonoscopy) – especially if there is a family history
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