Scientists have said that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can cause stomach tumors. The results were presented as part of the United European Gastroenterology Week (UEGW) 2025.
The Nordic Gastric and Esophageal Tumor Study (NordGETS) pooled data from population-based registries in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The analysis included 1,790 patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (a rare type of tumor) and 17,897 control patients.
The study lasted almost 12 years. During that time, researchers observed that the longer people used proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), the higher their risk of this type of tumor. In the group with the longest use, the relative risk was 83% higher, especially in patients under 65 years of age.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce the production of hydrochloric acid. In response, the body begins to produce more gastrin, a hormone that signals stomach cells to increase acidity. With prolonged use of PPIs, increased gastrin levels can affect the lining cells and potentially be associated with a risk of tumors, according to scientists.
The study's lead author, Eyvind Naes-Jensen of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, emphasized that gastric neuroendocrine tumors are rare. The absolute risk remains low even in patients taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). He said the findings should not call into question the use of these drugs when indicated.
The authors also point out that this is an observational study and does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship, but a statistical association./ Zdrave.to
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